Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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The goal of the First Crusade was to
a. | convert Muslims to Christianity. | b. | take Jerusalem and the Holy Land away from the
Byzantines. | c. | take Jerusalem and the Holy Land away from the Muslims. | d. | conquer
Constantinople. |
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2.
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Through warfare, feudal lords were able to accomplish which of the
following?
a. | increase their wealth | c. | defend their estates | b. | seize new territories | d. | all of the
above |
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3.
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The Black Death led to
a. | massive witch hunts throughout Europe. | b. | greater religious tolerance in Western
Europe. | c. | the end of the Hundred Years’ War. | d. | the collapse of the
medieval manor system. |
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4.
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Who was the first person to organize a group of mounted warriors in combat as
knights?
a. | Justinian | c. | Charlemagne | b. | Charles Martel | d. | Pope Leo III |
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5.
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How were the burghers, or town dwellers, able to gain power from the lords in
medieval towns?
a. | using brute force and taking over the lord’s estate | c. | by establishing
trade guilds and controlling prices | b. | through the use of collective
bargaining | d. | by setting up
trade fairs only once a year to create consumer panic |
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6.
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What purpose did the castle serve in medieval times?
a. | home of the lord and lady | c. | all answers are
correct | b. | sign of status among lords | d. | defense of the manor house and people |
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7.
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Which two men stood as the first example of feudalism?
a. | Charles the Simple and Rollo | c. | Charlemagne and Pope Leo
III | b. | Pope Urban II and Alexius Comenemnus | d. | Constantine and
Procopius |
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8.
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The pope’s influence in the Middle Ages resulted from
a. | the powerful army he headed under General Charlemagne. | b. | the fact that nearly
everyone in Europe was Christian. | c. | the economic influence of the Papal
States. | d. | his appointment by the Roman Emperor. |
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9.
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Which of the following is considered one of the most important leaders in
European history?
a. | Charles Martel | c. | Hugh Capet | b. | Louis the Pious | d. | Charlemagne |
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10.
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Which of the following was one effect of the Crusades?
a. | Jews moved to Jerusalem. | b. | The feudal system
strengthened. | c. | Trade decreased. | d. | Relations between religious groups became more
strained. |
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11.
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Joan of Arc was burned at the stake for committing which of the following
offenses?
a. | heresy | c. | simony | b. | lay investiture | d. | war crimes |
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12.
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Choose the correct order of the feudal pyramid, starting with the most important
person(s) and ending with the least important person(s).
a. | king, nobles/clergy, vassals, peasants | c. | clergy, king, vassals,
peasants | b. | king, peasants, vassals, serfs | d. | vassals, peasants, lords,
king |
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13.
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Why did the pope name Charlemagne Emperor of the Roman People?
a. | to ensure Charlemagne would not attack the Papal States | b. | to thank Charlemagne
for keeping him in power | c. | because Charlemagne refused to support the
pope’s authority unless he was crowned emperor | d. | to reward the Lombards of Italy for faithful
service to the church |
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14.
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Europe became a feudal society because
a. | skilled craftspeople had emerged as farming techniques improved. | b. | the rarity of cash
required land to be used as a payment for services. | c. | Europeans needed to defend themselves against
constant raids and invasions. | d. | overpopulation required that a more efficient
agricultural system be developed. |
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15.
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Feudalism was a new system of what?
a. | structuring Byzantine society | c. | taxing and
collecting | b. | governing and landholding | d. | fighting and defense |
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16.
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Which of the following founded new towns during the medieval period?
a. | feudal lords | c. | merchants | b. | bishops | d. | farmers |
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17.
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How did Charlemagne ensure that his counts remained loyal and did their jobs
well?
a. | by ensuring that they received excellent educations | b. | by sending monks to
convert them to Christianity | c. | by setting up a system of rewards and
punishments administered by inspectors | d. | by replacing all local rulers with members of
the Carolingian family |
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18.
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What is the correct order of the education of a knight?
a. | age 7 page, age 14 knight, age 21 squire | c. | age 7 squire, age 14 knight, age 21
page | b. | none of the above | d. | age 7 page, age 14 squire, age 21 knight |
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19.
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The pope excommunicated all Crusaders taking part in the Fourth Crusade because
they
a. | attacked a Christian city to pay their passage to the Holy Land. | b. | massacred entire
communities of Jews in Europe. | c. | worshipped idols and prayed to
icons. | d. | burned the holy city of Jerusalem to the ground. |
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20.
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Why were many of the written works created during the Early Middle Ages
religious texts?
a. | Few people outside of the clergy could read and write. | b. | Most people did not
enjoy reading epics or romances. | c. | Few people were very
religious. | d. | Church law required it. |
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21.
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Which of the following was an effect of the Crusades?
a. | Roman Catholics became more tolerant of Eastern Orthodoxy and
Judaism. | b. | Knights gained political power. | c. | Important trade routes were
destroyed. | d. | European kings gained more political power. |
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22.
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Which of the following siege weapons was used like a giant slingshot and could
hurl objects, such as boulders, up to 980 feet?
a. | battering ram | c. | mangonel | b. | mantlet | d. | trebuchet |
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23.
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The feudal system had which of the following effects?
a. | It increased the pope’s power. | b. | It diminished the power of
kings. | c. | It centralized government. | d. | It freed most Europeans from work
obligations. |
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24.
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Vikings began raiding northern Europe because
a. | they wanted to spread their religion. | b. | Viking farmers could not grow enough
food. | c. | they wanted to stop attacks on Scandinavia. | d. | they had converted
to Christianity and sought Christian relics. |
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25.
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What was the outcome of the Children’s Crusade?
a. | the death of thousands of Children in Rome at the hand of the Pope | c. | the relocation of
the children to the Byzantine Empire | b. | victory in the Holy Land for Stephen and his
followers | d. | thousands of
children being sold into slavery in North Africa |
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26.
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What is another name for the plague that devastated Europe in the
mid-1300s?
a. | the Mongol Hordes | c. | the Danse Macabre | b. | the Human Scourge | d. | the Black Death |
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27.
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What term is used for a complex set of ideals that demanded a knight display
courage in battle, loyalty to their lord, and fight for three masters?
a. | troubadour | c. | tithe | b. | chivalry | d. | feudalism |
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28.
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How was the plague spread to Western Europe in the High Middle Ages?
a. | on fleas that were carried by rats on different trade ships to Italy | c. | through trade
caravans traveling from Asia through the Black and Mediterranean Seas to the ports of
Italy | b. | all answers are correct | d. | through contact of different merchants along trade routes traveling throughout
Western Europe |
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29.
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Which two inventions revolutionized technology in combat in Europe during the
700s?
a. | the spear and lance | c. | the sword and shield | b. | the saddle and stirrup | d. | the mantlet and
trebuchet |
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True/False
Indicate whether the
statement is true or false.
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30.
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Fires and the spread of disease were constant threats in medieval cities.
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31.
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Most knights kept to the code of chivalry and protected the lower
classes.
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32.
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Most money-lenders were Jews because Christians were prohibited by religious
laws from charging interest and because Jews were barred from many other occupations.
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33.
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The Third Crusade, lead by Richard the Lion-Hearted, was the only successful
Crusade.
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34.
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Heretics were people who adhered to the official teachings of the Roman Catholic
Church during the Middle Ages.
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35.
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It was extremely expensive to become a knight.
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36.
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About 10 million people, or one sixth of Europe’s population, died during
the years of the plague.
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37.
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All serfs were peasants, but not all peasants were serfs.
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38.
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Many Europeans believed that the Black Death had been sent by God to punish them
for their sins.
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39.
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Tournaments were relatively mild events, little battle actually occurred, and no
one was ever in danger of being hurt.
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40.
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Most of the people in Medieval Europe belonged to the noble class.
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41.
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The goal of the First Crusade was to take Jerusalem and the area around it,
known as the Holy Land, away from the Muslims who controlled it.
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Completion
Complete each
statement.
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42.
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The ____________________ Crusade was the only one in which the Crusaders
achieved their goal.
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43.
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A series of wars launched by popes against the Muslims of Southwest Asia was
called the ____________________.
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44.
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The land given to a knight for his service to a lord was called a
____________________.
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45.
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____________________ was the Muslim leader who retained control of the Holy Land
during the Third Crusade.
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46.
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Although only a teenager, _______________ was able to rally the French troops,
push back the English, and gain victories for the French in the Hundred Years War.
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47.
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____________________ was declared Emperor of the Roman People by Pope Leo
III.
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48.
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The series of religious wars launched by European Christians in the Middle Ages
are known as the ____________________.
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49.
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Under the feudal system, a person who owed service to a lord was called a
____________________.
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50.
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_______________ is the common, everyday language of the people.
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51.
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People banded together in trade organizations called ____________________ to
protect their common interests.
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52.
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____________________, which were usually held in towns, had an astonishing
variety of goods available and attracted huge crowds of people.
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53.
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Although they were not slaves, ____________________ were legally tied to the
manor on which they worked and could not leave without permission.
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Short Answer
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54.
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What caused feudalism to emerge in Europe?
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55.
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Describe the Cause and Effect relationship of the Crusades. What were the
different causes of the Crusades and how did the Crusades change and impact Western Europe?
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56.
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Summarize the causes and effects of the plague.
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57.
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Charlemagne made sweeping changes to many areas of Frankish society, including
politics, education, religion, and law. In which area do you think Charlemagne had the greatest
impact? Why?
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58.
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Had you lived in medieval Europe, would you have rather lived in a castle or in
a village? Explain your answer.
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59.
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How did the movie Kingdom of Heaven potray the complex society
formed in the Middle Ages through feudalism and what can be learned from its depiction of the
Crusades to the Holy Land?
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60.
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What did a typical medieval manor include?
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61.
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What profound social changes occurred as a result of the Crusades?
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62.
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Describe the duties a knight had to his lord and the duties a lord had to his
knights.
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63.
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Describe what it might have been like to live in a European city during the
Middle Ages.
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